10 Facts About the River Ganga: India’s National Treasure

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The River Ganga, also known as the Ganges, is a lifeline for millions in India. It holds immense cultural, spiritual, and economic significance, weaving itself into the very fabric of the nation. Here are 10 fascinating facts about this iconic river:

  1. National Treasure: In 2008, the Ganga was declared the National River of India, solidifying its status as a vital part of the country’s identity.

  2. Himalayan Origin Story: The Ganga’s journey begins at the Gangotri Glacier, nestled high in the Himalayas at an elevation of about 3,892 meters.

  3. India’s Longest: Flowing for an impressive 2,525 kilometers (1,569 miles), the Ganga is the longest river in India, traversing the Himalayas and the vast plains of northern India before reaching the Bay of Bengal.

  4. Sacred Union: The Ganga is formed by the confluence of two major rivers – Bhagirathi and Alaknanda – at Devprayag.

  5. Pilgrimage Route: The banks of the Ganga are dotted with holy cities like Haridwar, Varanasi, and Prayagraj (Allahabad), attracting millions of pilgrims each year who seek spiritual purification in its waters.

  6. Wildlife Haven: Despite pollution challenges, the Ganga is still home to a diverse range of aquatic life, including the endangered Gangetic dolphin and the iconic Gharial crocodile.

  7. Fertile Cradle: The Ganga basin, one of the most fertile regions on Earth, sustains a vast agricultural landscape, providing water for irrigation and supporting millions of lives.

  8. Deltaic Wonder: The Ganga forms the Sundarbans, the world’s largest delta, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its unique mangrove forests and rich biodiversity.

  9. Economic Powerhouse: The river is a vital artery for transportation, facilitating movement of goods and people across vast distances.

  10. A River Reborn: The Ganga faces significant pollution threats. However, extensive efforts are underway to clean the river, ensuring its survival for future generations.

The River Ganga is more than just a geographical wonder; it’s a symbol of life, faith, and resilience. Understanding these facts provides a glimpse into the deep connection between the river and the people of India.

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